Stability region B, which corresponds approximately
to the a,q parameters indicated in Fig.
,
is an interesting region for simulation since:
(a) the literature explicitly states that
as of 1989, no Paul-trapping experiment
had been conducted in region B,[4] and a literature search
revealed only two articles concerning Paul-trapping in region B since
1989;
(b) the mathematical model (Sec.
) which
approximates
the trajectory of an independent ion in region A is not valid in
region B.[4]
Comparing a plot of x-position versus axial-position in region B (Fig.
) to a plot in region A (Fig.
), one sees that the radial
motion in region B is ``pinched''--- that is, the amplitude of radial
oscillations is significantly less than that of axial oscillations and is
concentrated in the small r region of the plot. This radial ``squeezing''
is intuitively
understandable since
for stability region B, indicating that the
static component of the ring electrode's potential is higher than that
of the endcaps. Fourier transforms of axial position and x-position
of a single ion in region B (Figs.
,
) reveal a larger
number
of non-negligible high-frequency components than does a transform of
axial position in region A (Fig.
). Plots of axial and radial position versus time
(Figs.
,
) in region B illustrate the complexity of motion in
region B relative to motion in region A (Fig.
).
Despite the apparent differences between single-ion trajectories in regions
A and B, simulations of ions in region B exhibit behaviors corresponding
to three of the four dynamical regimes discussed for region A: TrapApp demonstrates a Mathieu regime, a chaotic heating
phase, and an ordered phase.