Quantum mechanics inherently involves the ideas of probability. In order to learn and practice the terminology of probability that we will need, let us first look at the following example.
Given the following number containing the first 25 digits: 3.141592653589793238462643, find
This exercise is taken from Problem 1.2, p. 10, in Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffiths, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1995.
Question rewritten by Larry Cain.